There is evidence that the first wooden wine barrels existed around the 2800th years BC. Around 530

Introduction Division of packaging materials to the barrier capabilities Medium barrier what does it mean to be rational packaging materials Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyamides (PA) properties of polyamide polyamide Application of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Hard unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) what does it mean to be rational Soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC-P) properties of polyvinyl chloride Modification what does it mean to be rational characteristics of polyvinyl chloride high barrier packaging materials polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) Production of polyvinylidene chloride Kopoolimeri ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) acrylic and methacrylic polymers Literature
The development of civilization and the formation of the first organized human settlements, dictated by the people of the need for collecting, transferring and storing fruit and vegetable water. In order to bridge the emerging what does it mean to be rational obstacles, the man first used a primitive form of what we now call the packaging. Since there are no written documents, what does it mean to be rational it is difficult to say what all were used as the first package. I just assumed that it was made of wicker, straw, skin and other body parts of animals. Probably much later, a man was discovered pots of clay, ceramic, glass and metal.
There is evidence that the first wooden wine barrels existed around the 2800th years BC. Around 530 The BC was known for jars and amphorae intended for storing water, wine, and oil, as well as transport and trade various goods. Glass bottles were used in Egypt for more than four thousand years. During this period, the following materials processing the art of thought.
The Phoenicians were the first to start using tobacco glass for packaging around 400 - 300 BC At about 105 BC Chinese have discovered the process of obtaining the paper, which is, among other things, allow for the use of the material for the packing of goods.
A milestone in the production of packaging, in the strictest sense of the word, bringing the industrial revolution. In the United States the 1817th The start of production of metal boxes - cans, packaging intended for prepared foods. Later on in the use of aluminum has. The first metal tube appeared 1841st year, and then produced the first jar with screw cap and cork insole. At the end of the 19th century appears cellophane, and in 1907. Baekeland found the first plastic composition - Bakelite, which is, among other things, what does it mean to be rational used for making different what does it mean to be rational VSTA packaging.
1925th The polystyrene was found, which is in a way announced era of plastic, what does it mean to be rational which is still ongoing. With the advent of various modern packaging what does it mean to be rational materials developed and equipment for their heating values, as well as manufacturing technology. Interrelatedness what does it mean to be rational of all the above mentioned elements caused an increase in the production of goods which is necessary to bundle, as well as the emergence what does it mean to be rational of new types of food products. Many of them would never have appeared on the market that are not packaged.
Thanks to the global development and progress of science and technology, from the 1940s. year to date, the production of certain kinds and types of packaging and packaging technology development, has done more than in the entire previous period. In the early period, food packing our bags so that the consumer brought their packaging. Methods of packaging what is known today beginning during the period of returnable packaging, which is the economic and technical reasons, replaced what does it mean to be rational irreversible. . Division of packaging materials to the barrier capabilities
When packaging foods and beverages, the term generally means a polymer barrier impermeability to gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen). what does it mean to be rational The largest number of known polymers are less or more effective barrier. Based on the protective properties and permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide, a division of the most widely performed of used materials in the following groups:
It was observed that the increase of the barrier proper gases, reduce what does it mean to be rational other positive characteristics, such as resistance to moisture, or suitability for shaping. Polyethylene, nonpolar semicrystalline polymer, what does it mean to be rational is specific in that it possesses excellent characteristics in the design and high resistance. However, its impermeability to gases is low.
On the other hand, polyvinyl alcohol, a polar crystal, has little moisture resistance, difficult to design, but it is an excellent barrier to gases. For the above mentioned reasons, there is no widespread use in packaging food and beverages, as complicated and more expensive production of packaging, and does not provide any reliable protection from external influences water, and therefore no deterioration of the contents. Copolymers of ethylene-vinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride were developed what does it mean to be rational that would provide excellent protection against gases, solvents and aromatic, with less or more good barrier to moisture and characteristics desirable in the design. . Medium barrier packaging materials
Among thermoplastic polyesters, what does it mean to be rational the most important compound is polyethylene terephthalate. The general what does it mean to be rational chemical formula of this compound is [(-OC-C6H4-COO-CH2-CH2-O) n]. In everyday communication are adopted the tradenames "terilen", "fortrel", "dacron" etc. It is a linear, saturated polyester